Dude, I feel you. Of course, my moment where you are occurred at a much earlier real life age, I had three older brothers to assist me (not usually, though) and had a few egregious errors of novice ignorance already under my belt.
That said, I decided to take the time to use my very good 'search-skills to find you a few links that you might find of value. I LIVE for learning stuff and this hobby has a sort of closed openness that is hard to unlock initially – and that is from first hand experience as well as a young person of less than 12 years talking to old grognards in their 40’s behind the counter of hobby shops.
So, without further ado, here are some links to symbology of instructions sheets that I found after about three very pointed search strings… (not only three, just three very pointed ones that yielded useful results.)
Here is a Bandai Kits list: Meaning of the symbols found in a Bandai Model Kit's Manual - Mech9.com | Scale Model Kits, Color Guide, Paint Conversion, Paint Chart, Gundam, Sci-Fi, Shop Reviews, Toys and more
This one is from a Reddit discussion: https://www.reddit.com/r/Gunpla/comments/j5s17/heres_an_english_translation_guide_to_the_symbols/
This is from Scribd and is specifically all about the UH-1Y “Venom” chopper: Client Challenge
I do NOT know if it has symbol guide information, but this one for an A10-II “Warthog” DOES have the symbol decryption for you (and from Korean, who’d’ve thunk?) : Client Challenge
This is a basic set of general instructions for the hobby from Tamiya: https://www.tamiya.com/english/modeling_guide_en.html
This is a Google List of identifiers without any actual visual information, but might prove helpful:
Common Assembly Symbols & Meanings
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Curved Arrow (Rotate): Turn or rotate the part or entire sub-assembly by a specified degree (e.g., 180°).
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Multiply Sign (x2, x3): Repeat the current assembly steps a designated number of times to build identical matching components (like arms or legs).
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Scissors or Nipper Icon: Cut the specified part or gate/nub excess off the plastic runner.
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Circle with a Number/Letter (e.g., A12): Identifies the exact runner letter (A) and part number (12) needed for that step.
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Split or Choice Arrow (Circle/Triangle/Letters): Indicates a choice between two or more variant parts (e.g., optional weapons, hands, or facial expressions).
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Exclamation Mark (!) or Warning Hand: Pay close attention to the orientation, front/back alignment, or fragile nature of the piece before pushing it in.
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Filled vs. Unfilled Circles (White/Black Dots): Often dictate the precise chronological sequence of steps or show opposing-side (left/right) symmetrical actions.
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Tube/Brush or Glue Icon: Apply a small drop of plastic cement or adhesive (common in traditional military or car kits, rare in snap-fit sci-fi kits).
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Sticker/Decal Number (e.g., marking with a number): Apply a foil sticker, marking seal, or water-slide decal to the designated area once assembled. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
Another Reddit discussion link: https://www.reddit.com/r/Gunpla/comments/6fr7p9/an_extremely_useful_instruction_cheat_sheet_that/
THIS is for an AH-64 Apache and is in .pdf (which means you can download it and review it at your leisure), however, it has a symbol guide at the end of the file, which might prove useful as well. chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://www.plasticandplasters.com/Instructions/manuals/academy-instructions-12115.pdf
I WILL say that I found this search very frustrating. Not, because you could have done it or anyone else, but due to the fact that there was blessedly LITTLE with regard to decrypting the symbology of instruction sheet icons in the first place. You’d think that in a hobby that has literally over a hundred years of experience to it, there’d be a repository of information that some enterprising soul would have digitized, uploaded and shared.
Not so much.
And that, to me, was a bit of a surprise as well as a bit of a shock. The enthusiasm for this hobby exceeds that of most any other hobby enterprise I have ever known (and I have travelled the path of sports, outdoors, camping, photography, automotive, rail, art, aircraft, shipping and so many others) and for information sources? It’s still mostly word of mouth.
Once again, when you feel like it’s a bit overwhelming and you get frustrated, I encourage you to step back, reassess away from the issue (meaning don’t sit there and STARE at it, that’s not helping). Have a cup, a bowl, a smoke, SOMETHING to do other than look at your ‘problem’ directly and gain a bit of perspective.
I tend to find my ‘ah-hah’ moments while I’m outside doing something completely unrelated to the hobby.
Then, when you are ready to sit down and come at this again, do this: Pretend you know NOTHING about what you’re about to do. I mean it. Pretend you don’t even know what glue/cement is for, what nippers are for or what the instructions actually are supposed to tell you.
Then, with the instructions as your guide, pretend that you are, in your words, a 17 year old kid who, for the first time ever, decided to build a model.
Now from first hand experience at ruining completely my first four or five models by not reading the instructions pretty much at all, start by just briefly looking over the entire instruction sheet, from start to finish.
Don’t worry if it’s not clear to you at first. This is your first time, remember? Keep that in mind. Go over the whole thing and take mental notes of the things that make you go, “HUH? What does that even MEAN?” and press forward. Sometimes, as with tests I took in school, things come clear from the start only after getting through the first HALF of it, because you get clues handed that they should have led with instead.
This is practice for you to take the time necessary in the instructions so that what you DO understand becomes the foundation for gaining greater understanding in the things you don’t. Not knowing stuff used to be a very BIG DEAL for me. I couldn’t answer a question on a test as a kid and I would just SIT THERE, worrying at that question and ignoring the rest of the test until I figured that one out. Model kit instructions were the same for me at that time.
You have to recognize that you don’t know stuff, be okay with that, press forward with the hope and understanding that something presented later may give you the answer to the earlier stuff you didn’t get.
When you hit that wall of overwhelm, stop. Just take a breath, put the sheet down and walk away for a bit.
Next time, sit there with the sheet and the sprues and go over the sprues using the stuff you DO know to identify the stuff on the sheet. I presume the sheet has pictures of the ‘sections’ of assembly on it. Each of those sections SHOULD provide you with some sort of picture reference to the parts from the sprues and a sort of blow apart diagram image of the parts to be connected to the main portion of that section.
Not every company does the sheet the same way, and this is especially problematic with Korean, Japanese, Italian and German model makers and their translations (or lack thereof) and NO standardized set of icons/symbols for the rest of us to follow.
This tends to mean you are pretty much on your own without the assistance of someone who can directly help you out.
So, now comes my last suggestion: If possible, find a local hobby store or model club that has members close enough to you to physically VISIT. Bring your sheet with you and ASK for help.
One thing, from all my experience in hobby stores in Hawaii, California, Mississippi, Arkansas and Texas, hobby modelers LOVE to share their experience, so just ask and be ready to listen. You’ll get help.